▍1、字母异位词
两个单词如果包含相同的字母，次序不同，则称为字母易位词(anagram)。 例如，“silent”和“listen”是字母易位词，而“apple”和“aplee”不是易位词。 from collections import Counter s1 = \'below\' s2 = \'elbow\' print(\'anagram\') if Counter(s1) == Counter(s2) else print(\'not an anagram\') 使用一行Python代码，就能判断出来了。
▍2、二进制转十进制
decimal = int(\'1010\', 2) print(decimal) #10
▍3、将字符串转换为小写
print(\"Hi my name is XiaoF\".lower()) # \'hi my name is xiaof\' print(\"Hi my name is XiaoF\".casefold()) # \'hi my name is xiaof\'
▍4、将字符串转换为大写
print(\"hi my name is XiaoF\".upper()) # \'HI MY NAME IS XIAOF\'
▍5、将字符串转换为字节
print(\"convert string to bytes using encode method\".encode()) # b\'convert string to bytes using encode method\'
▍6、拷贝文件
import shutil shutil.copyfile(\'source.txt\', \'dest.txt\')
▍7、快速排序
qsort = lambda l: l if len(l) <= 1 else qsort([x for x in l[1:] if x < l[0]]) + [l[0]] + qsort([x for x in l[1:] if x >= l[0]]) print(qsort([17, 29, 11, 97, 103, 5])) # [5, 11, 17, 29, 97, 103]
▍8、n个连续数的和
n = 10 print(sum(range(0, n+1))) # 55
▍9、交换两个变量的值
a,b = b,a
▍10、斐波纳契数列
fib = lambda x: x if x<=1 else fib(x-1) + fib(x-2) print(fib(20)) # 6765
▍11、将嵌套列表合并为一个列表
main_list = [[0, 1, 2], [11, 12, 13], [52, 53, 54]] result = [item for sublist in main_list for item in sublist] print(result) > [0, 1, 2, 11, 12, 13, 52, 53, 54]
▍12、运行一个HTTP服务器
python3 -m http.server 8000 python2 -m SimpleHTTPServer
▍13、反转列表
numbers = [0, 1, 2, 11, 12, 13, 52, 53, 54] print(numbers[::-1]) # [54, 53, 52, 13, 12, 11, 2, 1, 0]
▍14、阶乘
import math fact_5 = math.factorial(5) print(fact_5) # 120
▍15、在列表推导式中使用for和if
even_list = [number for number in [1, 2, 3, 4] if number % 2 == 0] print(even_list) # [2, 4]
▍16、列表中最长的字符串
words = [\'This\', \'is\', \'a\', \'list\', \'of\', \'words\'] result = max(words, key=len) print(result) # \'words\'
▍17、列表推导式
li = [num for num in range(0, 10)] print(li) # [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
▍18、集合推导式
num_set = {num for num in range(0, 10)}
print(num_set)
# {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}
▍19、字典推导式
dict_numbers = {x: x*x for x in range(1, 5)}
print(dict_numbers)
# {1: 1, 2: 4, 3: 9, 4: 16}
▍20、if-else
print(\"even\") if 4 % 2==0 else print(\"odd\")
▍21、无限循环
while 1:0
▍22、检查数据类型
print(isinstance(2, int)) # True print(isinstance(\"allwin\", str)) # True print(isinstance([3, 4, 1997], list)) # True
▍23、While循环
a = 5
while a > 0:
a = a - 1
print(a)
# 0
▍24、使用print语句写入文件
print(\"Hello, World!\", file=open(\'file.txt\', \'w\')) 既可打印出信息，还能将信息保存文件。
▍25、计算一个字符在字符串中出现的频率
print(\"umbrella\".count(\'l\')) # 2
▍26、合并列表
list1 = [1, 2, 4] list2 = [\'XiaoF\'] list1.extend(list2) print(list1) # [1, 2, 4, \'XiaoF\']
▍27、合并字典
dict1 = {\'name\': \'weiwei\', \'age\': 23}
dict2 = {\'city\': \'Beijing\'}
dict1.update(dict2)
print(dict1)
# {\'name\': \'weiwei\', \'age\': 23, \'city\': \'Beijing\'}
▍28、合并集合
set1 = {0, 1, 2}
set2 = {11, 12, 13}
set1.update(set2)
print(set1)
# {0, 1, 2, 11, 12, 13}
▍29、时间戳
import time print(time.time())
▍30、列表中出现次数最多的元素
test_list = [9, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 9, 5, 4] most_frequent_element = max(set(test_list), key=test_list.count) print(most_frequent_element) # 4
▍31、嵌套列表
numbers = [[num] for num in range(10)] print(numbers) # [[0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9]]
▍32、八进制转十进制
print(int(\'30\', 8)) # 24
▍33、将键值对转换为字典
result = dict(name=\'XiaoF\', age=23)
print(result)
# {\'name\': \'XiaoF\', \'age\': 23}
▍34、求商和余数
quotient, remainder = divmod(4, 5) print(quotient, remainder) # 0 4 divmod()函数返回当参数1除以参数2时，包含商和余数的元组。
▍35、删除列表中的重复项
print(list(set([4, 4, 5, 5, 6]))) # [4, 5, 6]
▍36、按升序排序列表
print(sorted([5, 2, 9, 1])) # [1, 2, 5, 9]
▍37、按降序排序列表
print(sorted([5, 2, 9, 1], reverse=True)) # [9, 5, 2, 1]
▍38、获取小写字母表
import string print(string.ascii_lowercase) # abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
▍39、获取大写字母表
import string print(string.ascii_uppercase) # ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
▍40、获取0到9字符串
import string print(string.digits) # 0123456789
▍41、十六进制转十进制
print(int(\'da9\', 16)) # 3497
▍42、日期时间
import time print(time.ctime()) # Thu Aug 13 20:00:00 2021
▍43、将列表中的字符串转换为整数
print(list(map(int, [\'1\', \'2\', \'3\']))) # [1, 2, 3]
▍44、用键对字典进行排序
d = {\'one\': 1, \'four\': 4, \'eight\': 8}
result = {key: d[key] for key in sorted(d.keys())}
print(result)
# {\'eight\': 8, \'four\': 4, \'one\': 1}
▍45、用键值对字典进行排序
x = {1: 2, 3: 4, 4: 3, 2: 1, 0: 0}
result = {k: v for k, v in sorted(x.items(), key=lambda item: item[1])}
print(result)
# {0: 0, 2: 1, 1: 2, 4: 3, 3: 4}
▍46、列表旋转
li = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] # li[n:] + li[:n], 右变左 print(li[2:] + li[:2]) # [3, 4, 5, 1, 2] # li[-n:] + li[:-n], 左变右 print(li[-1:] + li[:-1]) # [5, 1, 2, 3, 4]
▍47、将字符串中的数字移除
message = \'\'.join(list(filter(lambda x: x.isalpha(), \'abc123def4fg56vcg2\'))) print(message) # abcdeffgvcg
▍48、矩阵变换
old_list = [[1, 2, 3], [3, 4, 6], [5, 6, 7]] result = list(list(x) for x in zip(*old_list)) print(result) # [[1, 3, 5], [2, 4, 6], [3, 6, 7]]
▍49、列表过滤
result = list(filter(lambda x: x % 2 == 0, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])) print(result) # [2, 4, 6]
▍50、解包
a, *b, c = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] print(a) # 1 print(b) # [2, 3, 4] print(c) # 5
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